Jurnal Online Pertanian Tropik

Quality Characteristics of Clove Leaf Essential Oil Based on Leaf Pretreatment Using the Steam Distillation Method

2025-04-24T20:27:29+07:00

Cloves are a plant that is often used as an ingredient in cooking or as an addition to cakes. The clove plant is not only used for its cloves, but its leaves can also produce great benefits. Some of the benefits of clove leaves include that they can be used for various types of treatment, including cough medicine, stomach ache medicine, and toothache medicine. The quite diverse chemical content in clove leaves provides quite open opportunities for use, one of which is being used as a raw material for producing essential oils. The aim of this research is to determine the suitability of the quality of the essential oil obtained in the form of yield, specific gravity, refractive index and solubility in 90% alcohol in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) produced from clove leaves using the steam distillation method. The research method used in this research is an experimental method by conducting experiments in the laboratory. The treatments used were whole clove leaves (S1), clove leaves chopped at 50% (S2) and 25% (S3) of the total length of clove leaves, and crushed clove leaves (S4). The parameters of this research are yield, specific gravity, refractive index, and solubility in 90% alcohol. The results of the research showed that the best treatment was obtained from clove leaf samples chopped at 25% of the total leaf length which had the highest average yield and specific gravity, namely 2.88% and 1.061 g/ml. The refractive index value and the average solubility of clove leaf essential oil in each sample treatment met the Indonesian national standard (SNI 06-2387-2006).

Optimum Doses of N, P, And K Fertilizers For Samosir Shallot Varieties in the Plains of the Lake Toba Region

2024-08-25T21:28:05+07:00

The surrounding plain of Lake Toba is well known as a shallot producing area in North Sumatra Province. Samosir variety is the mainstay variety of shallot farmers in this area. One of the efforts to increase the productivity of shallot variety Samosir is the application of fertilizer. The amount of N, P and K nutrients given to the Samosir variety shallot plants must be appropriate. This study aims to obtain the optimum dose of N, P and K fertilizers in the cultivation of shallot varieties Samosir planted in the rainy season in the plains around Lake Toba. This study consisted of 3 parallel experiments to determine the optimum N, P, K fertilization with a non-factorial randomized group design (RAK). P₂O₅ and K₂O fertilizers were applied 100% in the N rate experiment, N and K₂O fertilizers were applied 100% in the P rate experiment, and N and P₂O₅ fertilizers were applied 100% in the K rate experiment. Each experiment consisted of 5 levels, namely 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the reference dose and each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 45 experimental plots. Parameters were: fresh weight of tubers and crowns at the end of the vegetative period, crown weight and wind-dried harvest tubers. The results obtained the optimum dose of N and P fertilizer recommendations are 154.22 kg N ha^-1 and 126.62 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. For K fertilization does not give a quadratic response pattern so there is no optimum dose.

Monitoring of Air Temperature and Humidity Inside and Outside Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) House Using DHT11 Sensor

2025-01-30T12:00:29+07:00

Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) require a humid environment and stable temperatures to grow optimally. One of the mushroom growing media, namely mushroom house, which need to be regulated in temperature and humidity in order to produce high-quality mushrooms. Management of environmental conditions is essential, as significant changes in temperature and humidity can inhibit mold growth or even cause disease. This study aims to monitor the internal and external conditions of the oyster mushroom growing environment using a DHT11 sensor so that ideal growth conditions can be obtained. This research was carried out through several stages, including the preparation of tools and materials, hardware design, layout arrangement, testing of temperature and air humidity control systems, and monitoring oyster mold growth. The results of the 20-day study showed that the internal temperature in oyster mushroom clusters was at the ideal temperature for oyster mushroom growth, which ranged from 25,3°C to 30,8°C, while the maximum humidity reached up to 98% at certain times. The external temperature of mushroom house is in the temperature range of 28°C to 33,5°C with a relatively lower humidity, ranging from 73,2% to 91,2%. Humidity above 90% dominates most measurements, especially in the afternoon, creating ideal conditions for mold growth. The use of the DHT11 sensor in temperature and humidity measurements in this study was effective in recording significant daily fluctuations. The resulting data shows that the sensor is able to detect changes in temperature and humidity of the kumbung chamber and the environment.

Comparative Study of Bioinsecticide Quality of Bintaro Leaf (Cerbera odollam G.) between Laboratory and Pilot Scale

2025-02-27T11:12:47+07:00

Bioinsecticide constitutes a sustainable solution to mitigate the deleterious consequences of excessive reliance on synthetic insecticides. Bintaro (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) is a promising candidate for bioinsecticide production due to its efficacy. However, it is imperative to note that the scale of production significantly impacts the process conditions and the quality of the resulting products. To this end, a comparative study was conducted on the manufacturing of bintaro leaf bio-insecticide on a pilot scale.

The objective of this study is to ascertain the discrepancy in saponin content, water content, and toxicity of bintaro extract between laboratory and pilot scale. This study uses the reference of previous research where the best treatment of material to solvent ratio 1:10 (w/v) was obtained, namely using 15 grams of bintaro leaf material and 150 ml of solvent with 7 cycles of socletation. In the pilot scale study there was an increase in the amount of material used to 2 kg of dried bintaro leaves and 30 liters of methanol solvent. The results showed that the crude extract of bintaro leaves had a yield of 27%, saponin content of 0.63%, water content of 19.35%, and toxicity level of 45.33%.