Correlation of C-Reactive Protein–Albumin Ratio, International Normalized Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Fibrinogen, and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with Discharge Glasgow Coma Scale in Non-Operative Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury at H. Adam Mal

Abstract

Prognostic assessment after traumatic brain injury (TBI) commonly relies on clinical and radiological variables, while routinely available inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers may provide complementary information. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the correlation of the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), international normalized ratio (INR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), fibrinogen, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at discharge in adults with non-operative isolated TBI treated at H. Adam Malik General Hospital during 2025. Thirty-six patients were analysed. Median age was 33 years (range 18-74), 69.4% were male, and median discharge GCS was 12 (range 3-15). Spearman analysis showed significant correlations for CAR (r = -0.481; p = 0.003), INR (r = -0.659; p < 0.001), PLR (r = 0.401; p = 0.015), fibrinogen (r = 0.539; p < 0.001), and NLR (r = 0.373; p = 0.025). Admission inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers were therefore significantly associated with short-term neurological status at discharge, with INR demonstrating the strongest correlation.